The correct answer is only (c) Explanation & Key Takeaways: The Office of the Speaker • The Office of the Speaker in India is a living and dynamic institution that deals with the actual needs and problems of Parliament in the performance of its functions. • Article 93 of the Constitution provides for the election of both the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker. • The Speaker is the constitutional and ceremonial head of the House. • Each House of Parliament has its own presiding officer. • There is a Speaker and a Deputy Speaker for the Lok Sabha and a Chairman and a Deputy Chairman for the Rajya Sabha. • The Constitution of India requires the Speaker should be a member of the House. • Hence statement (b) is incorrect. • Although there are no specific qualifications prescribed for being elected the Speaker, an understanding of the Constitution and the laws of the country is considered a major asset for the holder of the Office of the Speaker. • Voting: The Speaker (along with the Deputy Speaker) is elected from among the Lok Sabha members by a simple majority of members present and voting in the House. • Joint Sitting of Both Houses: He/She presides over a joint sitting of the two Houses of Parliament. Hence statement (c) is correct. • Such a sitting is summoned by the President to settle a deadlock between the two Houses on a bill. • Money Bill: He/She decides whether a bill is a money bill or not and his/her decision on this question is final. • Disqualifying Members: It is the speaker who decides the questions of disqualification of a member of the Lok Sabha, arising on the ground of defection under the provisions of the Tenth Schedule. • The 52nd amendment to the Indian Constitution vests this power in the Speaker. • In 1992, the Supreme Court ruled that the decision of the Speaker in this regard is subject to judicial review. • The doctrine of the pleasure of the President does not apply to the Speaker of the Lok Sabha. Hence statement (a) is incorrect. So, option 3 is correct.