The correct answer is 1 only. Explanation & Key Takeaways: • Control over Subordinate Courts: • It states that the High Court can withdraw a case pending before any subordinate court if it involves the substantial question of law. • In cases related to substantial questions of law, the opinion rendered by the High court would be binding on the subordinate court. • Hence, statement 1 is correct. • The subordinate courts include the District Judges, Judges of the city civil courts, Metropolitan magistrates, and members of the judicial service of the state. • The organizational structure, jurisdiction, and nomenclature of the subordinate judiciary are laid down by the states. • Hence, they differ slightly from state to state. • Appointment of Judges: • The appointment, posting, promotion is made by Governor after consultation with the High court. • Other appointments of judicial service are made by Governor after consulting the high court and state public service commission. • Appointments of judicial service below district judge are made by the Governor of the state on recommendation of the high court. • Hence, statement 2 is incorrect. Related Concepts: • The district judge is the highest judicial authority in the district. • He possesses original and appellate jurisdiction in both civil and criminal. • The district judge exercises both judicial and administrative • He also has supervisory powers over all the subordinate courts in the district. • Appeals against his orders and judgments lie to the HC.