The correct answer is Articles 36 to 51. Explanation & Key Takeaways: • Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) are mentioned in Part IV of the Indian Constitution, covering Articles 36 to 51. • They are non-justiciable in nature, meaning they are not enforceable in a court of law but act as fundamental guidelines to the state for governance and policymaking. • The purpose of these principles is to promote economic and social democracy and ensure justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity. Hence, the correct answer is Articles 36 to 51. • Article 36: Defines the term "State" concerning the DPSPs, which includes the government and Parliament of India and the government and legislature of states. • Article 37: States that the DPSPs are fundamental in governance and it is the duty of the State to apply these principles in law-making. • Articles 38 to 51: Provide specific guidelines on social welfare, economic policies, environmental protection, equitable distribution of resources, promotion of international peace, and securing a uniform civil code, among others. Related Concepts: • Details of Articles 36 to 51: • Article 38: The State is directed to promote the welfare of people by securing and protecting a social order where justice (social, economic, and political) prevails. • Article 39: The State shall direct its policy to secure adequate means of livelihood, equal pay for equal work, protection of children and youth, and prevent the concentration of wealth. • Article 40: Promotes the organization of village panchayats as units of self-government. • Article 41: Ensures the right to work, education, and public assistance in cases of unemployment, old age, sickness, and disablement. • Article 42: Directs the State to make provisions for securing humane working conditions and maternity relief. • Article 43: Promotes a living wage and decent standard of life for all workers. • Article 44: Advocates for a Uniform Civil Code (UCC) across the country. • Article 48: Directs the State to protect and improve the environment and safeguard forests and wildlife. • Nature of DPSPs: • They are inspired by the Directive Principles of Social Policy enshrined in the Constitution of Ireland. • DPSPs aim to achieve a welfare state and ensure inclusive growth and development across all sections of society. Important Notes: • Comparison with Fundamental Rights: • While Fundamental Rights are justiciable and enforceable in courts, DPSPs are non-justiciable and serve as guidelines. • The judiciary has often ruled that the Fundamental Rights and DPSPs are complementary to each other. • Implementation of DPSPs: • Several laws have been enacted to implement DPSPs, such as the Minimum Wages Act, Maternity Benefit Act, and Environment Protection Act. • DPSPs guide the government in enacting policies that promote socio-economic development and environmental sustainability.