The correct answer is A – 4, B – 1, C – 3, D – 2. Explanation & Key Takeaways: • The Union Constitution Committee was chaired by Jawaharlal Nehru. This committee was entrusted with framing the constitutional structure of the Union Government and defining the powers and functions of the Union. • The Rules of Procedure Committee was chaired by Dr. Rajendra Prasad. It formulated the rules governing the functioning, debates, and decision-making process of the Constituent Assembly. • The Drafting Committee was chaired by Dr. B. R. Ambedkar. Constituted on 29 August 1947, it prepared the Draft Constitution by incorporating the decisions taken by the Constituent Assembly and its various committees. Dr. Ambedkar is therefore regarded as the chief architect of the Indian Constitution. • The Fundamental Rights Sub-committee was chaired by J. B. Kripalani. The committee examined the nature and scope of Fundamental Rights to be guaranteed to citizens and submitted recommendations that later formed the basis of Part III of the Constitution. • The Constituent Assembly was constituted in December 1946 and held its first meeting on 9 December 1946. • Dr. Rajendra Prasad served as the permanent President of the Constituent Assembly after being elected on 11 December 1946. • The Constituent Assembly functioned through numerous committees, each dealing with a specific constitutional subject, ensuring detailed examination before the final Constitution was adopted. • The Constitution of India was adopted on 26 November 1949 and came into force on 26 January 1950, marking the beginning of the Republic of India. Related Concepts: • Union Powers Committee: It was chaired by Jawaharlal Nehru. This committee recommended the distribution of legislative, executive, and financial powers between the Union and the Provinces and laid the foundation for India's federal structure. • Advisory Committee on Fundamental Rights, Minorities, Tribal and Excluded Areas: It was chaired by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel. The committee dealt with minority safeguards, civil liberties, tribal administration, and other constitutional protections. • Provincial Constitution Committee: This committee was also chaired by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel. It prepared recommendations regarding the constitutional framework and functioning of provincial governments. • States Committee (Committee for Negotiating with Princely States): Chaired by Jawaharlal Nehru, it dealt with constitutional matters concerning the integration and representation of princely states in independent India. • Steering Committee: Headed by Dr. Rajendra Prasad, it coordinated the business of the Constituent Assembly and scheduled discussions on various constitutional provisions. • Drafting Committee Members: Apart from Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, its prominent members included N. Gopalaswami Ayyangar, Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar, K. M. Munshi, Mohammad Saadulla, B. L. Mitter (later replaced by N. Madhava Rau), and D. P. Khaitan (later replaced by T. T. Krishnamachari).