The Correct answer is Option 2. Explanation & Key Takeaways: The passage clearly explains the direction of brain drain by repeatedly contrasting poor/developing countries with rich/developed countries. • Statement (a) is correct because brain drain involves the migration of trained manpower from underdeveloped countries to developed countries, where wages and working conditions are better. • Statement (b) is also correct since the passage explicitly mentions that developing countries suffer due to brain drain while developed countries benefit. • Statement (c) is incorrect because the passage does not mention migration between underdeveloped countries. • Statement (d) is incorrect as brain drain does not occur from developed to underdeveloped countries. Thus, brain drain takes place from underdeveloped and developing countries to developed countries. Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2: Only a and b.