The correct answer is Option 4. Explanation & Key Takeaways: Land fragmentation: • It a situation where a farming household possesses several non-contiguous land plots, often scattered over a wide area. • It is also a process of decreasing the average size of farm holdings; increasing the scattering of each farmer's land, and decreasing the size of the individual plots in a farm holding. • The main factors triggering land fragmentation includes: • inheritance; population growth; land markets; and historical/ cultural background. • Its increase hits marginal farmers the most by negatively affecting their crop yield which becomes insufficient for their domestic usage. • It leads to a reduction in landholding size and makes it uneconomical for optimal farm operations, application of science and technology. • It results in increased travelling time between fields, obstacles in water supply, the problem of mechanization due to the small size and scattered land patches causing lower labour productivity and higher transport cost for inputs and outputs. • It also causes reduced scope for irrigation, soil conservation investments and loss of land for boundaries and access routes. • Hence, all the statements are correct.