The correct answer is A, B and C. Explanation & Key Takeaways: • The theory of evolution by natural selection, first formulated in Darwin's book "On the Origin of Species" in 1859. • It is the process by which organisms change over time as a result of changes in heritable physical or behavioural traits. Changes that allow an organism to better adapt to its environment will help it survive and have more offspring. • Hugo de Vries (1901) put forward a theory of evolution, called mutation theory. • The theory states that evolution is a jerky process where new varieties and species are formed by mutations (discontinuous variations) that function as the raw material of evolution. • Mutations or discontinuous variations are the raw material of evolution. • Mutations appear all of a sudden. They become operational immediately. • Unlike Darwin’s continuous variations or fluctuations, mutations do not revolve around the mean or normal character of the species. • The same type of mutations can appear in a number of individuals of a species. • All mutations are inheritable. • Mutations appear in all conceivable directions. • Lamarck is best known for his Theory of Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics, first presented in 1801 (Darwin's first book dealing with natural selection was published in 1859) • If an organism changes during life in order to adapt to its environment, those changes are passed on to its offspring. • Lamarck also said that body parts that are not being used, such as the human appendix and little toes are gradually disappearing. Eventually, people will be born without these parts. • Lamarck also believed that evolution happens according to a predetermined plan and that the results have already been decided. • The theory of segregation deals with the meiosis (cell division) of human and does not deal with the evolution of life. This theory is given by Mendel.