The Correct Answer is All statements are correct. Explanation & Key Takeaways: • The Spanish immigrants called it El Nino, meaning “the little boy or Child Christ” in Spanish. • El Nino refers to the unusual warming of the central and east-central equatorial Pacific Ocean which affects global weather. • The warmer waters of the Pacific Ocean cause the winds in various regions to reverse, like the trade winds that come towards India. • This change of wind direction leads to warmer winters and summers and a decrease in rainfall during the monsoon. • Most of the time, it also leads to drought. • El Nino soon came to describe irregular and intense climate changes rather than just the warming of coastal surface waters. • When coastal waters become warmer in the eastern tropical Pacific (El Nino), the atmospheric pressure above the ocean decreases Related Concepts: • La Nina • There is also an opposite of an El Nino, called La Nina means The Little Girl in Spanish. • This refers to times when waters of the tropical eastern Pacific are colder than normal and trade winds blow more strongly than usual. • Collectively, El Nino and La Nina are parts of an oscillation in the ocean-atmosphere system called the El Nino-Southern Oscillation, or ENSO cycle.