The correct answer is Option 1. Explanation & Key Takeaways: • The National Education Policy of 1968, based on the recommendations of the Kothari Commission, aimed to promote national progress and cultural development through education. • Compulsory and free education till the age of 14 years was one of its key principles to ensure access to education for all children. • Higher position and improved pay for teachers was emphasized to enhance the quality of education and respect for the teaching profession. • The policy did not specifically recommend spending at least 10% of the gross national income on education, making statement (c) incorrect. Related Concepts: • The Kothari Commission, formed in 1964, recommended a common school system to bridge the gap between different social classes. • The policy also emphasized the importance of regional languages, equal opportunities for all, and the development of scientific temper and work ethics in students. • The NEP 1968 laid the groundwork for future educational reforms in India.