The correct answer is Both Statements are correct. Explanation & Key Takeaways: • Statement (a): According to the final census of 2011, the Mumbai Suburban district had the highest population density in Maharashtra. • This is true as the Mumbai Suburban district is one of the most densely populated areas in Maharashtra due to its urban nature and the concentration of economic and residential activities. • Statement (b): According to the final census of 2011, the Kolhapur district is the fifth most densely populated district in Maharashtra. • This is also correct, as Kolhapur ranks fifth in terms of population density among districts in Maharashtra as per the 2011 census. • Hence, both statements (a) and (b) are correct. Related Concepts: • The population density is measured as the number of persons per square kilometer. • Mumbai Suburban district is known for its high population density due to its geographical constraints and high urbanization. • Kolhapur, while not as densely populated as Mumbai Suburban, still ranks high in density due to its industrial and agricultural significance. • The Census of India is conducted every 10 years, and it provides critical data for policymaking and planning.