The correct answer is Swadeshi movement. Explanation & Key Takeaways: • The Swadeshi Movement, proclaimed on August 7, 1905, at the Calcutta Town Hall, in Bengal. • When Lord Curzon, Viceroy of India, announced the partition of Bengal in July 1905. • Indian National Congress, initiated the Swadeshi movement in Bengal. • Swadeshi movement was launched as a protest movement which also gave a lead to the Boycott movement in the country. • Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal, Lala Lajpat Rai are the key people in the swadeshi movement. • It was in the 1906 Calcutta session, headed by Dada Bhai Naoroji, the resolution of Swadeshi was adopted. Related Concepts: Notes: Lord Curzon (1899-1905): • He formed a Police commission in 1902 under the leadership of Sir Andrew Fraser. • It recommended a separate Training centre for officers and constables. • It introduced provincial police service and also at the same time to make Indian Army modern fighting force then Commander-in-chief Lord Kitchener made reform in the Indian Military. • He passed the Calcutta Corporation Act in the year 1899. • According to the act, it increased the number of official members and decreased the strength of elected official members. • As official members were mostly British Subjects it caused resentment in the Indian public. • He was the Viceroy who passed a law for protecting Ancient Indian monuments. • He passed the law in 1904 made the destruction of Ancient Monuments as an offence and directed officials to collect and preserve ancient monuments. • British viceroy in India, Lord Curzon, carried out Partition of Bengal, (1905) despite strong Indian nationalist opposition. • The government announced the partition in January 1904. • Bengal was divided into two new provinces 'Bengal' (which comprises western Bengal and the province of Bihar and Orissa) and Eastern Bengal and Assam, with Dacca as the capital of the latter.