Ecology is the scientific study of the relations that living organisms have with respect to each other, their natural environments and ecosystems. It is present at three levels, which are as follows: • The individual organism (how individuals are affected by the environment and how they, in turn, affect the environment) • The population • The community Ecology is defined as the study of ecosystems. In ecology, The area or natural environment in which an organism or population normally lives is called habitat. • A habitat is made up of physical factors, such as soil, moisture, range of temperature, and availability of light as well as biotic factors, such as availability of food and the presence of predators. • When organisms of different species live together, then it is called cohabitat. • A habitat is not necessarily a geographic area. If a particular organism(s) live in a small and specific part(s) of habitat, then it is known as a microhabitat. • For example, within the forest habitat, certain organisms live beneath the bark of a tree and a parasite may live in the body of the host. Hence, A habitat is a particular area inhabited by plants and animals.