The correct answer is 1 and 3 only.In News • News: PMEAC chief pitches for a review of India’s official poverty line; asserts that the Niti Aayog’s Multidimensional Poverty Index ‘is not a poverty line’ Explanation & Key Takeaways: • Gini Coefficient: • The Gini Coefficient is a measure of income inequality within a population, ranging from 0 (perfect equality) to 1 (perfect inequality). Hence, Statement I is correct. • Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI): • The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) includes multiple indicators to measure poverty beyond income, such as health (e.g., nutrition, child mortality), education (e.g., years of schooling, school attendance), and living standards (e.g., electricity, sanitation, drinking water, housing, assets). • However, the MPI does not assign equal weight to all indicators; different weights are assigned based on their importance within each dimension. Hence, Statement II is incorrect. • Rangarajan Committee on Poverty: • The Rangarajan Committee on Poverty redefined the poverty line in India, incorporating a broader set of criteria, including nutrition, basic household amenities, and education. Hence, Statement III is correct. • Therefore, the correct answer is option (3).