The correct answer is Lokpal directly conducts criminal trials and awards punishments in corruption cases. In News • The Lokpal of India observed its Foundation Day on 16 January, marking its establishment under the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013. Explanation & Key Takeaways: • The Lokpal was established on 16 January 2014 after Section 3 of the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013 came into force. • It consists of a Chairperson and eight Members, including four Judicial and four Non-Judicial members. • Its jurisdiction covers corruption complaints against the Prime Minister, Union Ministers, Members of Parliament and central government officials. • Lokpal does not conduct criminal trials or award punishments; it inquires into complaints and can direct investigative agencies such as the CBI. Related Concepts: • Lokpal of India • A statutory anti-corruption body at the Union level. • Functions as an independent ombudsman to ensure accountability in public life. • Appointment Process • Members are appointed by the President of India. • Appointments are based on recommendations of a Selection Committee under Section 4 of the Act. • Powers of Lokpal • Can order preliminary inquiries and investigations. • May refer cases to agencies like the CBI but does not act as a trial court. • Objective • To promote integrity, transparency and accountability in governance. • To strengthen public trust in democratic institutions.