The correct answer is (a), (b), (c), (d). Explanation & Key Takeaways: • Cytotaxonomy is a branch of taxonomy that classify organisms based on the chromosome. • It is based on the chromosome number, structure, size and morphology. • The classification of plants depends on the Number, morphology, size, and aberrations of chromosomes. • The chromosome number varies as in bryophytes it is 29, in pteridophytes is it 630, in gymnosperm is 16 and in angiosperms, it is 55. pairs respectively. • The Aberrations such as insertion, deletion, and duplication of the sequences in the chromosome affect the classification of plants. • The morphology of the chromosome such as chromatids, location of centromere, and telomere affect the classification of the plants. • The chromosome is meta-centric, acrocentric, telocentric, and sub-metacentric on the basis of the location of the centromere. • The Delphinium has J- a shape structure of the chromosome. • If the chromosome does not get constricted then their segregation during division is affected. • The size of the chromosome affects the classification as in monocots the size of the chromosome is much larger in them. • The gymnosperms have small size chromosomes. • The trillium genera have the largest chromosome size. Related Concepts: +------------------+-------------------------------+----------+ | chromosomes type | location of centromere | shape | +------------------+-------------------------------+----------+ | metacentric | middle | v shape | | Sub-metacentric | slightly away from the center | l- shape | | Acrocentric | near the end of one arm | j-shape | | Telocentric | end | i-shape | +------------------+-------------------------------+----------+