Correct Answer 1 ∶ 2 Explanation & Key Takeaways: • The Indian Rebellion of 1857 also called the Indian Mutiny, was the first war of Independence against the British empire in India. • Against Two British officers, only one freedom fighter was competing to attain Independence from British rule during the revolt of 1857. • The revolt of 1857 is termed North India's first war of Independence, which was based on a long-term struggle. Related Concepts: • The Revolt of 1857 event in Indian History was an important landmark. • It is also known as the "first war of Independence". Causes of the revolt: • Economic Causes • Economic exploitation of the country by the British. • Heavy taxation. • Socio-Political Causes • Subsidiary Alliance – Lord Wellesley • The doctrine of Lapse – Lord Dalhousie • Religious Causes • Taxation of mosque and temple lands. • Activities of Christian missionaries. • Immediate Causes • General Service Enlistment Act. • Inferior emoluments compared to his British counterpart. • News of mixing of bone dust in wheat flours. • The cartridge of the Enfield rifle was made of beef and pork fat. +----------+-----------------------+------------------------+ | Location | Leaders of the revolt | The British Resistance | +----------+-----------------------+------------------------+ | Delhi | Bahadur shah | John Nicholson | | Kanpur | Nana saheb | Colin Campbell | | Lucknow | Begum Hazrat mahal | Henry Lawrence | | Jhansi | Rani Laxmibai | Hugh rose | | Bihar | Kunwar Singh | - | | Faizabad | Maulvi Ahmadullah | - | +----------+-----------------------+------------------------+