The correct answer is Sir Richard Strachey Commission. Explanation & Key Takeaways: • The 'Famine Code' was an important administrative framework developed in 1883 to address the issues of food scarcity and famine in colonial India. • It was prepared based on the recommendations of the Sir Richard Strachey Commission, which was formed in 1880 to investigate famine relief measures in India. • The commission's purpose was to create a systematic approach to predict, mitigate, and respond to famines, which were common and devastating in British India. Hence, Sir Richard Strachey Commission is the correct answer. • The Famine Code introduced guidelines for relief measures, including the classification of famine into different stages and the steps to be taken at each stage. • The code emphasized the importance of early warning systems, public works, and the distribution of food grains to affected populations. • The recommendations of the Sir Richard Strachey Commission also laid the foundation for future policies on disaster management and food security in India. Related Concepts: • Sir Richard Strachey Commission: • The commission was established in 1880 by the British colonial government to address the recurring famine crises in India. • It was chaired by Sir Richard Strachey, a British civil servant and an expert in Indian administration and public works. • The commission's recommendations were based on detailed studies of past famines and emphasized preventive measures, relief works, and accountability in famine management. • Famine Code: • The Famine Code classified famine conditions into three stages: near-scarcity, scarcity, and famine. • It prescribed specific actions for each stage, such as initiating public works, opening relief camps, and ensuring the availability of food grains at affordable prices. • The code also included guidelines for maintaining minimum wages for laborers engaged in relief work and ensuring that relief measures reached the most vulnerable sections of society. • Impact of the Famine Code: • The Famine Code became a model for famine relief in other parts of the British Empire and influenced disaster management policies worldwide. • It also highlighted the need for better agricultural practices, irrigation systems, and administrative efficiency to prevent food shortages. Important Notes: • Other Options: • George Campbell Commission: This commission was associated with administrative reforms in India but was not related to famine relief. • MacDonald Commission: This was not related to famines or famine relief but dealt with other administrative and political issues. • Sir James Lyall Commission: This commission was involved in land revenue administration in Punjab and had no connection with famine relief.